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The development marks a shift in how Congress is adapting to the internet, especially in the midst of a pandemic. Use of the app, named Markup ERVS, had not been publicly disclosed before Friday.
A total of 230 House of Representatives Democrats logged into Markup on their government-provided iPhones to cast votes stating their preference for House speaker, who will be elected by the full chamber early next month, said Markup spokesperson Colby Redmond.
The House Democrats also chose their caucus chair and committee heads through the app, which transfers data to staff in Washington.
Earlier this year, the House changed its procedures for voting on legislation by the full chamber. It did so by allowing members to, for the first time, communicate their votes to colleagues in Washington who then cast those votes for them in person.
So far, only Democrats have adopted the technology. Republicans have voiced concerns about virtual voting, saying it sets a bad precedent.
New York Representative Hakeem Jeffries, who leads the House Democratic Caucus, said in a statement the Markup app allowed Democrats “to safely recreate the traditions of the House Democratic Caucus’ organizational meetings, including Members’ ability to vote by secret ballot.”
The use of Markup for party leadership races illustrates an early but limited scenario, where a small number of devices and ballots decided the result within a closed system, said Redmond.
The House’s Information Resources office reviewed the software’s security and then installed it on lawmakers’ phones ahead of the contests, a House Information Resources spokesperson confirmed.
Markups’ development was accelerated in March by the coronavirus. The virus continues to impact lawmakers’ ability to travel to Washington to cast votes and meet with colleagues, making the app’s launch timely.
While the concept of internet-based mobile phone voting has been discussed in the civic technology industry for several years, cybersecurity experts have generally warned against its widespread deployment due to the possibility of cyberattacks.
As a sign of the app’s security, Redmond said, Markup ERVS, a product of Washington, D.C.-based government tech startup Markup LLC, was built in partnership with Microsoft.
Markup borrows code from Microsoft’s Election Guard technology, said Redmond, which offers “a way of checking election results are accurate, and that votes have not been altered” Microsoft’s website states.
The votes themselves are also encrypted in transit, Redmond said.
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